The main material of alloy steel seamless pipe is alloy steel. According to the tendency of various elements to form carbides in steel, alloy steel can be divided into three categories:

① Strong carbide forming elements, such as vanadium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, etc.

As long as these elements have enough carbon, they will form their respective carbides under appropriate conditions; only under the conditions of carbon deficiency or high temperature can they enter the solid solution in an atomic state.

②Carbide forming elements, such as manganese, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, etc. Some of these elements enter the solid solution in the atomic state, and the other part forms substitutional alloy cementite, such as (Fe, Mn) 3C, (Fe, Cr) 3C, etc., if the content exceeds a certain limit (except for manganese), it will The formation of respective carbides, such as (Fe, Cr) 7C3, (Fe, W) 6C and so on.

③ Do not form carbide elements, such as silicon, aluminum, copper, nickel, cobalt, etc. Such elements generally exist in solid solutions such as austenite and ferrite in an atomic state. Some of the more active elements in the alloying elements, such as aluminum, manganese, silicon, titanium, zirconium, etc., are easily combined with oxygen and nitride in steel to form stable oxides and nitrides, and generally exist in steel in the form of inclusions in. Elements such as manganese and zirconium also form sulfide inclusions with sulfur. Different types of intermetallic compounds can be formed when steel contains sufficient amounts of nickel, titanium, aluminum, molybdenum and other elements. Some alloying elements such as copper, lead, etc., if the content exceeds its solubility in steel, they exist as purer metal phases.

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